1. You don't need a permit for a day hike.
2. Horseshoe meadows. There are 2 walk in campgrounds. I have never seen them full.
3. Its about 20 miles, but only 4000' of gain. (via
Army Pass )It is fairly easy. Once you reach Army Pass, the trail becomes hard to see, but by then you can
see you destination .
4. There is plenty of water up until mile 6.5 (start of Army Pass).